Sample Size Calculation

Sample size calculation is the process of determining the number of participants needed for a study to achieve statistically meaningful and reliable results. This calculation is based on several key factors, including the study’s objectives, desired level of statistical significance, expected effect size, variability of the outcome, and statistical power. The goal is to strike a balance between having a sufficiently large sample to detect real effects while minimizing the burden on participants and resources. Sample size calculations are essential for the robustness and credibility of clinical trial findings.